Maths NCERT Class 8 Chapter 6 – Cubes and Cube Roots

 

Maths NCERT Class 8 Chapter 6 – Cubes and Cube Roots

Exercise 6.1

1. Which of the following numbers are not perfect cubes?

(i) 216

Solution:

By resolving 216 into a prime factor,

216 = 2×2×2×3×3×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 216 = (2×2×2)×(3×3×3)

Here, 216 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors,

∴ 216 = (2×3) = 6

Hence, 216 is the cube of 6.

(ii) 128

Solution:

By resolving 128 into a prime factor,

128 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 128 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×2

Here, 128 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors, and we are left with one factor: 2.

∴ 128 is not a perfect cube.

(iii) 1000

Solution:

By resolving 1000 into prime factor,

1000 = 2×2×2×5×5×5

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 1000 = (2×2×2)×(5×5×5)

Here, 1000 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 1000 = (2×5) = 10

Hence, 1000 is the cube of 10.

(iv) 100

Solution:

By resolving 100 into a prime factor,

100 = 2×2×5×5

Here, 100 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 100 is not a perfect cube.

(v) 46656

Solution:

By resolving 46656 into prime factor,

46656 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×3×3×3×3×3×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 46656 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(3×3×3)×(3×3×3)

Here, 46656 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors,

∴ 46656 = (2×2×3×3) = 36

Hence, 46656 is the cube of 36.

2. Find the smallest number by which each of the following numbers must be multiplied to obtain a perfect cube.

(i) 243

Solution:

By resolving 243 into a prime factor,

243 = 3×3×3×3×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 243 = (3×3×3)×3×3

Here, 3 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will multiply 243 by 3 to get the perfect cube.

(ii) 256

Solution:

By resolving 256 into a prime factor,

256 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 256 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×2×2

Here, 2 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will multiply 256 by 2 to get the perfect cube.

(iii) 72

Solution:

By resolving 72 into a prime factor,

72 = 2×2×2×3×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 72 = (2×2×2)×3×3

Here, 3 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will multiply 72 by 3 to get the perfect cube.

(iv) 675

Solution:

By resolving 675 into a prime factor,

675 = 3×3×3×5×5

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 675 = (3×3×3)×5×5

Here, 5 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will multiply 675 by 5 to get the perfect cube.

(v) 100

Solution:

By resolving 100 into a prime factor,

100 = 2×2×5×5

Here, 2 and 5 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will multiply 100 by (2×5) 10 to get the perfect cube.

3. Find the smallest number by which each of the following numbers must be divided to obtain a perfect cube.

(i) 81

Solution:

By resolving 81 into a prime factor,

81 = 3×3×3×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 81 = (3×3×3)×3

Here, 3 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will divide 81 by 3 to get the perfect cube.

(ii) 128

Solution:

By resolving 128 into a prime factor,

128 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 128 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×2

Here, 2 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will divide 128 by 2 to get the perfect cube.

(iii) 135

Solution:

By resolving 135 into prime factor,

135 = 3×3×3×5

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 135 = (3×3×3)×5

Here, 5 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will divide 135 by 5 to get the perfect cube.

(iv) 192

Solution:

By resolving 192 into a prime factor,

192 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 192 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×3

Here, 3 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will divide 192 by 3 to get the perfect cube.

(v) 704

Solution:

By resolving 704 into a prime factor,

704 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×11

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 704 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×11

Here, 11 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will divide 704 by 11 to get the perfect cube.

4. Parikshit makes a cuboid of plasticine with sides 5 cm, 2 cm, and 5 cm. How many such cuboids will he need to form a cube?

Solution:

Given the sides of the cube are 5 cm, 2 cm and 5 cm.

∴ Volume of cube = 5×2×5 = 50

50 = 2×5×5

Here, 2 , 5 and 5 cannot be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ We will multiply 50 by (2×2×5) 20 to get the perfect cube. Hence, 20 cuboids are needed.

---

Exercise 6.2 

1. Find the cube root of each of the following numbers by the prime factorisation method.

(i) 64

Solution:

64 = 2×2×2×2×2×2

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 64 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)

Here, 64 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 64 = 2×2 = 4

Hence, 4 is the cube root of 64.

(ii) 512

Solution:

512 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 512 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(2×2×2)

Here, 512 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 512 = 2×2×2 = 8

Hence, 8 is the cube root of 512.

(iii) 10648

Solution:

10648 = 2×2×2×11×11×11

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 10648 = (2×2×2)×(11×11×11)

Here, 10648 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 10648 = 2 ×11 = 22

Hence, 22 is the cube root of 10648.

(iv) 27000

Solution:

27000 = 2×2×2×3×3×3×3×5×5×5

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 27000 = (2×2×2)×(3×3×3)×(5×5×5)

Here, 27000 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 27000 = (2×3×5) = 30

Hence, 30 is the cube root of 27000.

(v) 15625

Solution:

15625 = 5×5×5×5×5×5

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 15625 = (5×5×5)×(5×5×5)

Here, 15625 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 15625 = (5×5) = 25

Hence, 25 is the cube root of 15625.

(vi) 13824

Solution:

13824 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×3×3×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors,

13824 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(3×3×3)

Here, 13824 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 13824 = (2×2× 2×3) = 24

Hence, 24 is the cube root of 13824.

(vii) 110592

Solution:

110592 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×3×3×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors,

110592 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(3×3×3)

Here, 110592 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 110592 = (2×2×2×2 × 3) = 48

Hence, 48 is the cube root of 110592.

(viii) 46656

Solution:

46656 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×3×3×3×3×3×3

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors,

46656 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(3×3×3)×(3×3×3)

Here, 46656 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 46656 = (2×2×3×3) = 36

Hence, 36 is the cube root of 46656.

(ix) 175616

Solution:

175616 = 2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×7×7×7

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors,

175616 = (2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(2×2×2)×(7×7×7)

Here, 175616 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 175616 = (2×2×2×7) = 56

Hence, 56 is the cube root of 175616.

(x) 91125

Solution:

91125 = 3×3×3×3×3×3×3×5×5×5

By grouping the factors in triplets of equal factors, 91125 = (3×3×3)×(3×3×3)×(5×5×5)

Here, 91125 can be grouped into triplets of equal factors.

∴ 91125 = (3×3×5) = 45

Hence, 45 is the cube root of 91125.

2. State true or false.

(i) Cube of any odd number is even.

Solution:

False

(ii) A perfect cube does not end with two zeros.

Solution:

True

(iii) If the cube of a number ends with 5, then its cube ends with 25.

Solution:

False

(iv) There is no perfect cube which ends with 8.

Solution:

False

(v) The cube of a two-digit number may be a three-digit number.

Solution:

False

(vi) The cube of a two-digit number may have seven or more digits.

Solution:

False

(vii) The cube of a single-digit number may be a single-digit number.

Solution:

True